DIABETES MELLITUS (DM)
DIABETES MELLITUS OVERVIEW
Characterized by a combination of insulin resistance and altered insulin secretion.
Secondary complications are more responsible for loss of working ability, invalidism, reduced life expectancy, and Quality Of Life than elevated blood glucose.
GLOBAL BURDEN
Serious illness with multiple complications and premature mortality
Accounting average 10% on Health care expenditure in many countries
WHO estimates : more than 180 million people worldwide have diabetes
2005: 1.1 million died from Diabetes.
80% Death: low and middle income countries.
Half of Deaths >70 years of age
50% of diabetic deaths: women
Much of increase in incidence occur in developing countries : due to population growth, ageing, behavioral factors ( tobacco use, unhealthy diets, sedentary lifestyles) that lead to obesity and Hyperlipidemia.
Usually affecting middle –age, productive years of lives, age between 35-64
Growing incidence of Type 2 DM at a younger age
DM IN SUDAN
PREVALENCE OF DIABETES:
Diabetes Mellitus ranks second among the major NCDs.
The prevalence is highest among adults
• 19.2% (Khartoum state risk factor survey 2005-2006)
• 14.5% (Sudan House Hold survey 2010)
• Poor glycaemic control (88%)
• Complications are common (67%)
• High mortality rates among children.
PREVALENCE OF DM RISK FACTORS
Tobacco use:
Physical inactivity:
Obesity & overweight:
Hyperlipidemia (High blood cholesterol):